Engish STAAR ( State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness) Practice Test

What does the term argument refer to in a text?

1. A collection of random statements

2. A reasoned defense of a position or claim

3. An emotional appeal to the audience

4. A simple statement of fact

The correct answer is: A reasoned defense of a position or claim

The term "argument" in a text specifically refers to a reasoned defense of a position or claim. This means that an argument is structured and logical, aiming to persuade the audience by presenting evidence, reasoning, and examples that support a specific viewpoint. In academic writing, the effectiveness of an argument is assessed by how well it is supported and how convincingly it addresses counterarguments. This contrasts with other options. A random collection of statements does not provide the necessary coherence or reasoning expected in a good argument, while an emotional appeal, though potentially persuasive, lacks the logical foundation required for a strong argument. Lastly, a simple statement of fact does not involve any reasoning or advocacy for a position and therefore does not constitute an argument either. Recognizing the characteristics of a well-constructed argument is crucial for both writing and analysis in various texts.